Which of the following protocols multicasts messages and information among all member devices in
an IP multicast group?
A.
ARP
B.
ICMP
C.
TCP
D.
IGMP
Explanation:
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) is a communication protocol that
multicasts messages and information among all member devices
in an IP multicast group. However, multicast traffic is sent to a single MAC address but is processed
by multiple hosts. It can be effectively
used for gaming and showing online videos. IGMP is vulnerable to network attacks.
Answer option B is incorrect. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is an integral part of IP. It is
used to report an error in datagram
processing. The Internet Protocol (IP) is used for host-to-host datagram service in a network. The
network is configured with connecting
devices called gateways. When an error occurs in datagram processing, gateways or destination
hosts report the error to the source hosts
through the ICMP protocol. The ICMP messages are sent in various situations, such as when a
datagram cannot reach its destination, when
the gateway cannot direct the host to send traffic on a shorter route, when the gateway does not
have the buffering capacity, etc.
Answer option A is incorrect. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a network maintenance protocol
of the TCP/IP protocol suite. It is
responsible for the resolution of IP addresses to media access control (MAC) addresses of a network
interface card (NIC). The ARP cache is
used to maintain a correlation between a MAC address and its corresponding IP address. ARP
provides the protocol rules for making this
correlation and providing address conversion in both directions. ARP is limited to physical network
systems that support broadcast packets.Answer option C is incorrect. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a reliable, connection-oriented
protocol operating at the transport layer of
the OSI model. It provides a reliable packet delivery service encapsulated within the Internet
Protocol (IP). TCP guarantees the delivery of
packets, ensures proper sequencing of data, and provides a checksum feature that validates both
the packet header and its data for
accuracy. If the network corrupts or loses a TCP packet during transmission, TCP is responsible for
retransmitting the faulty packet. It can
transmit large amounts of data. Application-layer protocols, such as HTTP and FTP, utilize the
services of TCP to transfer files between clients
and servers.