A Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) client uses the following service contract.
(Line numbers are included for reference only.)
01 [ServiceContract]
02 public interface IService
03 {
04 [OperationContract]
05 string Operation1();
06 [OperationContract]
07 string Operation2();
08 }
You need to ensure that all calls to Operation1 and Operation2 from the client are encrypted and signed. What should you do?
A.
Set the ProtectionLevel property in line 01 to EncryptAndSign.
B.
Set the ProtectionLevel property in line 04 and line 06 to Sign.
C.
Add a SecurityCriticalAttribute ror each operation.
D.
Add a SecunitySafeCriticalAttribute for each operation.
Explanation:
How to set ProtectionLevel Property
(http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa347791.aspx)The ProtectionLevel property is found on many different classes, such as the ServiceContractAttribute and the OperationContractAttribute classes.
The property controls how a part (or whole) of a message is protected. To understand the protection level feature, the following basic statements apply:Three basic levels of protection exist for any part of a message. The property (wherever it occurs) is set to one of the ProtectionLevel enumeration values.
In ascending order of protection, they include:
None
Sign The protected part is digitally signed. This ensures detection of any tampering with the protected message part.
EncryptAndSign The message part is encrypted to ensure confidentiality before it is signed.You can set protection requirements only for application data with this feature.
For example, WS-Addressing headers are infrastructure data and, therefore, are not affected by the ProtectionLevel.When the security mode is set to Transport, the entire message is protected by the transport mechanism.
Therefore, setting a separate protection level for different parts of a message has no effect.The ProtectionLevel is a way for the developer to set the minimum level that a binding must comply with.
When a service is deployed, the actual binding specified in configuration may or may not support the minimum level.
For example, by default, the BasicHttpBinding class does not supply security (although it can be enabled).
Therefore, using it with a contract that has any setting other than None will cause an exception to be thrown.If the service requires that the minimum ProtectionLevel for all messages is Sign, a client (perhaps created by a non-WCF technology)
can encrypt and sign all messages (which is more than the minimum required). In this case, WCF will not throw an exception
because the client has done more than the minimum. Note, however, that WCF applications (services or clients) will not over-secure a message part
if possible but will comply with the minimum level. Also note that when using Transport as the security mode, the transport may over-secure
the message stream because it is inherently unable to secure at a more granular level.If you set the ProtectionLevel explicitly to either Sign or EncryptAndSign, then you must use a binding with security enabled or an exception will be thrown.
If you select a binding that enables security and you do not set the ProtectionLevel property anywhere on the contract, all application data will be encrypted and signed.
If you select a binding that does not have security enabled (for example, the BasicHttpBinding class has security disabled by default),
and the ProtectionLevel is not explicitly set, then none of the application data will be protected.
If you are using a binding that applies security at the transport level, all application data will be secured according to the capabilities of the transport.
If you use a binding that applies security at the message level, then application data will be secured according to the protection levels set on the contract.
If you do not specify a protection level, then all application data in the messages will be encrypted and signed.The ProtectionLevel can be set at different scoping levels.
A