Refer to the exhibit. What two results would occur if the hub were to be replaced with a switch that
is configured with one Ethernet VLAN? (Choose two.)
A.
The number of broadcast domains would remain the same.
B.
The number of collision domains would increase.
C.
The number of collision domains would decrease.
D.
The number of broadcast domains would decrease.
E.
The number of collision domains would remain the same.
F.
The number of broadcast domains would increase.
Explanation:
Basically, a collision domain is a network segment that allows normal network traffic to flow back
and forth. In the old days of hubs, this meant you had a lot of collisions, and the old CSMA/CD
would be working overtime to try to get those packets re-sent every time there was a collision on
the wire (since ethernet allows only one host to be transmitting at once without there being a traffic
jam). With switches, you break up collision domains by switching packets bound for other collision
domains. These days, since we mostly use switches to connect computers to the network, you
generally have one collision domain to a PC.
Broadcast domains are exactly what they imply: they are network segments that allow broadcasts
to be sent across them. Since switches and bridges allow for broadcast traffic to go unswitched,
broadcasts can traverse collision domains freely. Routers, however, don’t allow broadcasts
through by default, so when a broadcast hits a router (or the perimeter of a VLAN), it doesn’t get
forwarded. The simple way to look at it is this way: switches break up collision domains, while
routers (and VLANs) break up collision domains and broadcast domains. Also, a broadcast
domain can contain multiple collision domains, but a collision domain can never have more than
one broadcast domain associated with it.
Collision Domain: A group of Ethernet or Fast Ethernet devices in a CSMA/CD LAN that are
connected by repeaters and compete for access on the network. Only one device in the collision
domain may transmit at any one time, and the other devices in the domain listen to the network in
order to avoid data collisions. A collision domain is sometimes referred to as an Ethernet segment.
Broadcast Domain: Broadcasting sends a message to everyone on the local network (subnet). An
example for Broadcasting would be DHCP Request from a Client PC. The Client is asking for a IP
Address, but the client does not know how to reach the DHCP Server. So the client sends a DHCP
Discover packet to EVERY PC in the local subnet (Broadcast). But only the DHCP Server will
answer to the Request.
How to count them?
Broadcast Domain:
No matter how many hosts or devices are connected together, if they are connected with a
repeater, hub, switch or bridge, all these devices are in ONE Broadcast domain (assuming asingle VLAN). A Router is used to separate Broadcast-Domains (we could also call them Subnets
– or call them VLANs).
So, if a router stands between all these devices, we have TWO broadcast domains.
Collision Domain:
Each connection from a single PC to a Layer 2 switch is ONE Collision domain. For example, if 5
PCs are connected with separate cables to a switch, we have 5 Collision domains. If this switch is
connected to another switch or a router, we have one collision domain more.
If 5 Devices are connected to a Hub, this is ONE Collision Domain. Each device that is connected
to a Layer 1 device (repeater, hub) will reside in ONE single collision domain.