DRAG DROP
Drag the delay type on the left and drop it on the correct description on the right.
Processing Delay: Coder delay is the time taken by the digital signal processor (DSP) to compress
a block of PCM samples. This is also called processing delay (n). This delay varies with the voice
coder used and processor speed.
Serialization Delay: Serialization delay (n) is the fixed delay required to clock a voice or data frame
onto the network interface. It is directly related to the clock rate on the trunk.
Dejitter Buffer: Because speech is a constant bit-rate service, the jitter from all the variable delays
must be removed before the signal leaves the network. In Cisco router/gateways this is
accomplished with a de-jitter (n) buffer at the far-end (receiving) router/gateway. The de-jitter
buffer transforms the variable delay into a fixed delay. It holds the first sample received for a
period of time before it plays it out. This holding period is known as the initial play out delay.
DSP Delay: The time the packet spends inside the DSP is known as DSP Delay. Sampling,
Encoding, Decoding etc. takes place inside the DSP.
Queuing Delay: After the compressed voice payload is built, a header is added and the frame is
queued for transmission on the network connection. Voice needs to have absolute priority in the
router/gateway. Therefore, a voice frame must only wait for either a data frame that already plays
out, or for other voice frames ahead of it. Essentially the voice frame waits for the serialization
delay of any preceding frames in the output queue. Queuing delay (ßn) is a variable delay and is
dependent on the trunk speed and the state of the queue. There are random elements associated
with the queuing delay.
Propagation Delay: Caused by the length a signal must travel via light in fiber or electrical impulse
in copper-based networks
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