which four methods?

You can set the value of an item in your application by using which four methods?

A.
Form submission

B.
By using built-in substitution strings

C.
Using bind variables to reference session state of a specified item

D.
Application or page computations

E.
By invoking the f procedure in an HTTP request

Explanation:
A: When the page is submitted, Oracle Application Express captures the value
entered in the field and stores the value for future use.
B: You can use substitution strings in Application Builder in the following ways:
* Include a substitution string within a template to reference component values
* Reference page or application items using &ITEM. syntax
* Use built-in substitution strings to achieve a specific type of functionality
Application Builder supports a number of built-in substitution strings. You may need to reference
these values to achieve specific types of functionality.
Example: APP_SESSIONAPP_SESSION is one of the most commonly used built-in substitution
strings. You can use this substitution string to create hypertext links between application pages
that maintain a session state by passing the session number. Note that you can also use the
substitution string SESSION in place of APP_SESSION.
E: The “f” procedure is widely known and well covered in the Oracle APEX User Guide.
The following example resets the value of the items THE_EMPNO and THE_DEPTNO.
f?p=100:5:&APP_SESSION.::NO:THE_EMPNO,THE_DEPTNO

Note:
It can be used to create links between pages in your application using the following syntax:
f?p=App:Page:Session:Request:Debug:ClearCache:itemNames:itemValues:PrinterFriendly