Which of the following protocols transmits error messages and network statistics?
A.
ICMP
B.
NNTP
C.
DHCP
D.
TCP
Explanation:
ICMP transmits error messages and network statistics.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is an integral part of IP. It is used to report an error in
datagram processing. The Internet Protocol
(IP) is used for host-to-host datagram service in a network. The network is configured with
connecting devices called gateways. When an
error occurs in datagram processing, gateways or destination hosts report the error to the source
hosts through the ICMP protocol. The ICMP
messages are sent in various situations, such as when a datagram cannot reach its destination, when
the gateway cannot direct the host to
send traffic on a shorter route, when the gateway does not have the buffering capacity, etc.
Answer D is incorrect. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a reliable, connection-oriented
protocol operating at the transport layer of
the OSI model. It provides a reliable packet delivery service encapsulated within the Internet
Protocol (IP). TCP guarantees the delivery of
packets, ensures proper sequencing of data, and provides a checksum feature that validates both
the packet header and its data for
accuracy. If the network corrupts or loses a TCP packet during transmission, TCP is responsible for
retransmitting the faulty packet. It can
transmit large amounts of data. Application-layer protocols, such as HTTP and FTP, utilize the
services of TCP to transfer files between clients
and servers.
Answer B is incorrect. NNTP stands for Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP). It is a simple ASCII
text-based protocol used to post,
distribute, and retrieve network news messages from NNTP servers and NNTP clients on the
Internet.
Answer C is incorrect. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a TCP/IP standard used to
dynamically assign IP addresses to
computers, so that they can communicate with other network services. It reduces the complexity of
managing network client IP address
configuration. A DHCP server configures DHCP-enabled client computers on the network. It runs on
servers only. It also provides integration
with the Active Directory directory service.