Which of the following Acts of the Parliament of United Kingdom consists of the following features:
Define Agency records subject to disclosure Summarize mandatory disclosure procedures Permit
nine exemptions to the statute
A.
Data Protection Act 1998
B.
Digital Millennium Copyright Act
C.
Freedom of Information Act 2000
D.
Computer Misuse Act
Explanation:
The Freedom of Information Act 2000 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It is the
implementation of freedom of information
legislation in the United Kingdom on a national level. It is an Act of Parliament that introduces a
public “right to know” in relation to public
bodies. The Act implements a manifesto commitment of the Labor Party in the 1997 general
election. The final version of the Act is believed to
have been diluted from that proposed while Labor was in opposition. The full provisions of the act
came into force on 1 January 2005.
The Act is the responsibility of the Lord Chancellor’s Department. The Act led to the renaming of the
Data Protection Commissioner, who is
now known as the Information Commissioner. The Office of the Information Commissioner oversees
the operation of the Act. The Freedom of
Information Act 2000 includes the following features:
It specifies Agency records subject to disclosure.
It summarizes mandatory disclosure procedures.
It permits nine exemptions to the statute.
Answer A is incorrect. The Data Protection Act 1998 (DPA) is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament,
which defines UK law on the
processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the
protection of personal data in the UK.
Although the Act does not mention privacy, in practice it provides a way in which individuals can
control information about themselves. Most of
the Act does not apply to domestic use. Anyone holding personal data for other purposes is legally
obliged to comply with this Act, subject to
some exemptions. The Act defines eight data protection principles, which are as follows:
1.Personal data shall be processed fairly and lawfully and, in particular, shall not be processed
unless:
at least one of the conditions in Schedule 2 is met, and
in the case of sensitive personal data, at least one of the conditions in Schedule 3 is also met.
2.Personal data shall be obtained only for one or more specified and lawful purposes, and shall not
be further processed in any manner
incompatible with that purpose or those purposes.
3.Personal data shall be adequate, relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose or purposes
for which they are processed.
4.Personal data shall be accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date.
5.Personal data processed for any purpose or purposes shall not be kept for longer than is necessary
for that purpose or those
purposes.
6.Personal data shall be processed in accordance with the rights of data subjects under this Act.
7.Appropriate technical and organisational measures shall be taken against unauthorised or unlawful
processing of personal data and
against accidental loss or destruction of, or damage to, personal data.
8.Personal data shall not be transferred to a country or territory outside the European Economic
Area unless that country or territory
ensures an adequate level of protection for the rights and freedoms of data subjects in relation to
the processing of personal data.Answer D is incorrect. The Computer Misuse Act 1990 is an act of the UK Parliament which states
the following statement:
Unauthorized access to the computer material is punishable by 6 months imprisonment or a fine
“not exceeding level 5 on the standard
scale” (currently 5000).
Unauthorized access with the intent to commit or facilitate commission of further offences is
punishable by 6 months/maximum fine on
summary conviction or 5 years/fine on indictment.
Unauthorized modification of computer material is subject to the same sentences as section 2
offences.
Answer B is incorrect. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) is a United States copyright law
that implements two 1996 treaties of
the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It criminalizes production and dissemination of
technology, devices, or services intended
to circumvent measures (commonly known as digital rights management or DRM) that control
access to copyrighted works.
It also criminalizes the act of circumventing an access control, whether or not there is actual
infringement of copyright itself. In addition, the
DMCA heightens the penalties for copyright infringement on the Internet.