Which of the following protocols transmits error messages and network statistics?
A.
ICMP
B.
DHCP
C.
TCP
D.
NNTP
Explanation:
ICMP transmits error messages and network statistics.
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is an integral part of IP. It is used to report an error in
datagram processing. The Internet Protocol (IP) is used for host-to-host datagram service in a
network. The network is configured with connecting devices called gateways. When an error occurs
in datagram processing, gateways or destination hosts report the error to the source hosts through
the ICMP protocol. The ICMP messages are sent in various situations, such as when a datagram
cannot reach its destination, when the gateway cannot direct the host to send traffic on a shorter
route, when the gateway does not have the buffering capacity, etc. Answer option C is incorrect.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a reliable, connection-oriented protocol operating at the
transport layer of
the OSI model. It provides a reliable packet delivery service encapsulated within the Internet
Protocol (IP). TCP guarantees the delivery of packets, ensures proper sequencing of data, and
provides a checksum feature that validates both the packet header and its data for accuracy. If the
network corrupts or loses a TCP packet during transmission, TCP is responsible for retransmitting the
faulty packet. It can transmit large amounts of data. Application-layer protocols, such as HTTP and
FTP, utilize the services of TCP to transfer files between clients and servers.
Answer option D is incorrect. NNTP stands for Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP). It is a simple
ASCII text-based protocol used to post, distribute, and retrieve network news messages from NNTP
servers and NNTP clients on the Internet. Answer option B is incorrect. Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) is a TCP/IP standard used to dynamically assign IP addresses to computers, so that
they can communicate with other network services. It reduces the complexity of managing network
client IP address configuration. A DHCP server configures DHCP-enabled client computers on the
network. It runs on servers only. It also provides integration with the Active Directory directory
service.
Reference: “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol”