Which of the following terms describes software technologies that improve portability,
manageability and compatibility of applications by encapsulating them from the underlying
operating system on which they are executed?
A.
Encapsulation
B.
Application virtualization
C.
Failover
D.
System hardening
Explanation:
Application virtualization is an umbrella term that describes software technologies that improve
portability, manageability and compatibility of applications by encapsulating them from the
underlying operating system on which they are executed. A fully virtualized application is not
installed in the traditional sense, although it is still executed as if it is. The application is fooled at
runtime into believing that it is directly interfacing with the original operating system and all the
resources are managed by it, when in reality it is not. Application virtualization differs from
operating system virtualization in that in the latter case, the whole operating system is virtualized
rather than only specific applications.
Answer option D is incorrect. System hardening is a term used for securing an operating system. It
can be achieved by installing the latest service packs, removing unused protocols and services, and
limiting the number of users with administrative privileges. Answer option A is incorrect.
Encapsulation is an object-oriented programming term used to define the ability to contain and hide
information
about an object, such as internal data structures and code. Encapsulation isolates the internal
complexity of an object’s operation from the rest of the application. For example, when you set the
width property on a command button, you do not need to know how the value is stored and how
the command button is resized. Answer option C is incorrect. Failover is a term associated with
cluster services. It refers to the ability of a server to immediately start servicing the requests if a
primary server fails. If the application services in a cluster-node fail, the Cluster Service generally
tries to restart them on the same node. If the services do not start, then it moves the services to
another node in the cluster and restarts them on that node.
Reference: “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_virtualization”