How does the ping command work by default?

How does the ping command work by default?

A.
It sends a UDP packet to port 0 of the remote host and waits to receive a UDP error response
in return.

B.
It sends an ARP request to a remote host and waits to receive an ARP response in return.

C.
It sends a TCP SYN packet to a remote host and waits to receive an TCP ACK response in
return.

D.
It sends a broadcast packet to all hosts on the net and waits to receive, among others, a
response from the target system.

E.
It sends an ICMP Echo Request to a remote host and waits to receive an ICMP Echo Response
in return.

Explanation: