Which two BGP message types are valid? (Choose two.)
A.
refresh
B.
acknowledge
C.
keepalive
D.
withdraw
Explanation:
BGP systems send four types of messages:* Open
* Update
* Keepalive
* NotificationAll BGP messages have the same fixed-size header, which contains a marker field indicating the total length of the message and a type field indicating the message type.
Open Messages
After a TCP connection is established between two BGP systems, they exchange BGP open messages to create a BGP connection between them. Once the connection is established, the two systems can exchange BGP messages and data traffic.
Open messages consist of the BGP header plus the following fields:
* VersionThe current BGP version number is 4.
* Local AS numberYou configure this by including the autonomous-system statement at the [edit routing-options] or [edit logical-systems logical-system-name routing-options] hierarchy levels.
* Hold timeProposed hold-time value. You configure the local hold time with the BGP hold-time statement.
* BGP identifierIP address of the BGP system. This address is determined when the system starts up and is the same for every local interface and every BGP peer. You can configure the BGP identifier with the router-id statement at the [edit routing-options] or [edit logical-systems logical-system-name routing-options] hierarchy levels. By default, BGP uses the IP address of the first interface it finds in the router.
* Parameter field length and the parameter itselfThese are optional fields.Update Messages
BGP systems send update messages to exchange network reachability information. BGP systems use this information to construct a graph that describes the relationships among all known ASs.
Update messages consist of the BGP header plus the following optional fields:
* Unfeasible routes lengthLength of the field that lists the routes being withdrawn from service because they are no longer deemed reachable
* Withdrawn routesIP address prefixes for the routes being withdrawn from service
* Total path attribute lengthLength of the field that lists the path attributes for a feasible route to a destination
* Path attributesProperties of the routes, including the path origin, the multiple exit discriminator (MED), the originating systems preference for the route, and information about aggregation, communities, confederations, and route reflection
* Network layer reachability information (NLRI)IP address prefixes of feasible routes being advertised in the update messageKeepalive Messages
BGP systems exchange keepalive messages to determine whether a link or host has failed or is no longer available. Keepalive messages are exchanged often enough so that the hold timer does not expire. These messages consist only of the BGP header.
Notification Messages
BGP systems send notification messages when an error condition is detected. After the message is sent, the BGP session and the TCP connection between the BGP systems are closed. Notification messages consist of the BGP header plus the error code and subcode, and data that describes the error.