What is a good example of a programming error that Bob can use to explain to the management how encryption will not address all their security concerns?

Bob has a good understanding of cryptography, having worked with it for many years. Cryptography is used to secure data from specific threats, but it does not secure the application from coding errors. It can provide data privacy; integrity and enable strong authentication but it cannot mitigate programming errors. What is a good example of a programming error that Bob can use to explain to the management how encryption will not address all their security concerns?

A.
Bob can explain that using passwords to derive cryptographic keys is a form of a programming error

B.
Bob can explain that a buffer overflow is an example of programming error and it is a common mistake associated with poor programming technique

C.
Bob can explain that a random number generator can be used to derive cryptographic keys but it uses a weak seed value and this is a form of a programming error

D.
Bob can explain that using a weak key management technique is a form of programming error

Explanation:
A buffer overflow occurs when you write a set of values (usually a string of characters) into a fixed length buffer and write at least one value outside that buffer’s boundaries (usually past its end). A buffer overflow can occur when reading input from the user into a buffer, but it can also occur during other kinds of processing in a program. Technically, a buffer overflow is a problem with the program’s internal implementation.