How was Bill able to get Internet access without using an agency laptop?

Hampton is the senior security analyst for the city of Columbus in Ohio. His primary responsibility
is to ensure that all physical and logical aspects of the city’s computer network are secure from all
angles. Bill is an IT technician that works with Hampton in the same IT department. Bill’s primary
responsibility is to keep PC’s and servers up to date and to keep track of all the agency laptops
that the company owns and lends out to its employees. After Bill setup a wireless network for the
agency, Hampton made sure that everything was secure. He instituted encryption, rotating keys,
turned off SSID broadcasting, and enabled MAC filtering. According to agency policy, only
company laptops are allowed to use the wireless network, so Hampton entered all the MAC
addresses for those laptops into the wireless security utility so that only those laptops should be
able to access the wireless network.
Hampton does not keep track of all the laptops, but he is pretty certain that the agency only

purchases Dell laptops. Hampton is curious about this because he notices Bill working on a
Toshiba laptop one day and saw that he was on the Internet. Instead of jumping to conclusions,
Hampton decides to talk to Bill’s boss and see if they had purchased a Toshiba laptop instead of
the usual Dell. Bill’s boss said no, so now Hampton is very curious to see how Bill is accessing the
Internet. Hampton does site surveys every couple of days, and has yet to see any outside wireless
network signals inside the company’s building.
How was Bill able to get Internet access without using an agency laptop?

A.
Bill spoofed the MAC address of Dell laptop

B.
Bill connected to a Rogue access point

C.
Toshiba and Dell laptops share the same hardware address

D.
Bill brute forced the Mac address ACLs