How does traceroute map the route a packet travels from point A to point B?

A.
Uses a TCP timestamp packet that will elicit a time exceeded in transit message

B.
Manipulates the value of the time to live (TTL) within packet to elicit a time exceeded in transit
message

C.
Uses a protocol that will be rejected by gateways on its way to the destination

D.
Manipulates the flags within packets to force gateways into generating error messages